In recent years, extracellular small vesicles (sEVs) have been extensively studied due to their potential in treatment and delivery of bioactive molecules, but their limited production and insufficient stability have hindered their clinical translation. However, intracellular naturally occurring small vesicles (sIVs) have not been deeply explored. The latest research by the team from Tianjin Medical University (published in Nature Biomedical Engineering) has systematically revealed that sIVs significantly outperform sEVs in terms of absorption efficiency, drug delivery capacity, and retinal nerve protection effect, opening up new directions for regenerative medicine and targeted therapy.

Link to the thesis（doi）：https://doi.org/10.1038/s41551-0