Bone defect repair is a complex physiological process that starts with early regulation by the inflammatory immune system and involves multiple physiological events, including angiogenesis, osteogenic differentiation, and mineralization. Biomaterials can regulate inflammatory responses through the immune cells in the local immune microenvironment at the implant-bone interface, which is a hot topic in regenerative medicine. Currently, Mg2+ regulates immune cells in the bone microenvironment to promote osteogenesis and angiogenesis, mainly focusing on macrophages, but research on T cells is relatively limited. At the same time, effective delivery and release of magnesium remains a challenge. To address these issues, we designed a novel thermosensitive hyaluronic acid-hydroxypropyl chitosan hydrogel (HPCH@HA), which has good affinity for magnesium and can achieve sustained release. In vitro experiments showed that the composite hydrogel loaded with nano magnesium oxide could effectively induce macrophages to polarize from M0 to M2, while activating T lymphocytes, which in turn promoted osteogenic differentiation and mineralization of human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) and angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). In vivo experiments showed that during the early repair phase, this composite hydrogel had a good repair effect on critical-size cranial defects in mice. All these results suggest that our designed composite hydrogel can effectively regulate the immune microenvironment of bone tissue, promote adult bone formation in large bone defects, and support in situ bone regeneration without the need for exogenous cells or inducers. As an immunomodulatory biomaterial for bone tissue engineering, it has broad application prospects.

We focus on customized functional materials in the field of nanomedicine. Based on your experimental needs, we can develop biofunctional nanomaterials, control material structure, particle size, and surface modification, and provide full characterization testing. The solutions can be repeatedly optimized with full technical support throughout, supporting research projects in targeted delivery, bioimaging, nanodiagnostics, and therapy. Feel free to provide your requirements, and we’ll evaluate customized solutions.

Engineer Zhang: 17715390137
Engineer Chen: 18914047343