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To meet the rapid development of electric vehicles and portable electronic devices, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have received extensive attention due to their high energy density and long service life. However, conventional graphite anodes cannot meet the growing demand for next-generation LIBs due to their low theoretical capacity (372 mAh/g). Therefore, exploring alternative anode materials with high capacity and cycling stability is crucial for high-performance LIBs.
Transition metal oxides (TMOs) are considered promising anode materials in LIBs due to their large theoretical capacities. Among various TMOs, Fe2O3 has attracted extensive attention due to its low price, high theoretical capacity (1007 mA h/g), abundant reserves and nontoxicity. However, it leads to severe electrode damage and capacity loss due to poor electrical conductivity and severe volume change during Li intercalation/extraction. To overcome these problems, an effective strategy is to design TMOs with porous nanostructures. These porous nanoparticles can enlarge the contact interface between the electrode and the electrolyte and shorten the diffusion paths of Li+ and electrons. More importantly, the porous nanostructure can alleviate the mechanical strain due to the repeated intercalation/deintercalation of lithium compared with the large particles.
Recently, Prof. Xiaobin Fan and Prof. Fengbao Zhang of Tianjin University published a research paper entitled: Chemically-confined mesoporous γ-Fe2O3 nanospheres with Ti3C2Tx MXene via alkali treatment for enhanced lithium storage in the internationally renowned academic journal Journal of Power Sources. A facile strategy to fabricate novel γ-Fe2O3@Ti3C2Tx composite anodes. As the –OH groups on both Ti3C2Tx MXene and γ-Fe2O3 increase after alkali treatment, mesoporous γ-Fe2O3 nanospheres can be easily deposited on Ti3C2Tx MXene through hydrogen bond formation. Due to the conductive network and the strong synergistic coupling between Ti3C2Tx MXene and γ-Fe2O3, the as-prepared composite electrodes exhibit ultra-high reversible capacity and excellent cycling performance for LIBs.
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the synthesis of γ-Fe2O3@Ti3C2Tx composites
Figure 2. Physical characterization of Ti3C2Tx MXene, γ-Fe2O3 nanospheres and γ-Fe2O3@Ti3C2Tx composite.
Figure 3. Electrochemical performance of alkali-treated γ-Fe2O3@Ti3C2Tx
Figure 4. GITT curves of γ-Fe2O3/Ti3C2Tx and γ-Fe2O3@Ti3C2Tx electrode materials
In this work, the structure and interfacial stability of γ-Fe2O3@Ti3C2Tx composites are enhanced by inducing hydrogen bond formation in situ through an alkali treatment strategy. The unique conductive network structure formed by porous γ-Fe2O3 nanoclusters wrapped in Ti3C2Tx can not only effectively suppress the volume change of γ-Fe2O3 nanoclusters, but also improve the electrical conductivity of the electrode material, thereby ensuring the rapid movement of electrons. Therefore, the as-prepared γ-Fe2O3@Ti3C2Tx anode for LIB exhibits excellent reversible capacity and cycling stability.
