已传文件：photo/1768440185.png
The efficient methods for synthesizing tertiary alkyl amines include:
**Reductive Amination**:
- Aldehydes/ketones react with secondary amines under the action of NaBH₃CN or NaBH(OAc)₃ to undergo reductive amination, which is suitable for substrates with low steric hindrance.
2. **Buchwald-Hartwig Coupling**:
- Pd-catalyzed coupling of halogenated alkanes with secondary amines, compatible with both aromatic and aliphatic substrates.
3. **Mannich Reaction**:
- Aldehydes, amines and ketones undergo condensation and reduction, suitable for the production of β-amino ketones.
4. **Hydrazination Reaction**:
- Transition metals (such as Ir, Cu) catalyze the addition of alkenes to secondary amines, with high atomic economy.
5. **Three-component Strecker reaction**:
- The condensation of aldehyde, secondary amine and TMSCN is hydrolyzed, suitable for α-tert-amino acid precursors.
**Preferred Strategy**: When the steric hindrance is significant, choose Buchwald coupling; for simple substrates, use reduction amidation.
