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Aladdin reagent
The efficient methods for synthesizing tertiary alkyl amines include:
1. **Reduction Amination**:
- Aldehydes/ketones react with secondary amines under the action of NaBH₃CN or NaBH(OAc)₃, suitable for substrates with low steric hindrance.
2. **Buchwald-Hartwig Coupling**:
- Pd-catalyzed coupling of halogenated hydrocarbons with secondary amines, compatible with aryl/alkyl substrates.
3. **Mannich Reaction**:
- Aldehydes, amines, and ketones react and then are reduced, suitable for β-amino ketone products.
4. **Hydrazination Reaction**:
- Transition metals (such as Ir, Cu) catalyze the addition of alkenes to secondary amines, with high atomic economy.
5. **Three-Component Strecker Reaction**:
- Aldehydes, secondary amines, and TMSCN react and then hydrolyze, suitable for α-tert-amino acid precursors. **Preferred Strategy**: When the steric hindrance is significant, choose Buchwald coupling; for simple substrates, use reduction followed by amination.
