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The process of preparing through-hole ceramic layers on the surface of aluminum alloys involves template-induced / pore-forming agent-assisted + low-temperature ceramicization, aiming to avoid damage to the substrate by high temperatures. The specific method is as follows:
Pore-forming agent method: Mix the ceramic precursor (silica sol / aluminum sol) with spherical PMMA microspheres (particle size 1–10 μm) and apply it onto the surface of anodized aluminum alloy; pre-cure at 120°C, and then bake at 400–500°C to remove PMMA and form a through-hole porous ceramic layer.
Ice template method: Freeze the ceramic precursor coating layer at a low temperature (-20°C), and utilize ice crystal growth to form directional channels; freeze-dry and then low-temperature sintering to obtain a through-hole structure with controllable pore size.
Notes: The aluminum alloy should first undergo anodization to form an alumina transition layer to enhance the adhesion of the ceramic layer; the heating rate during baking should be ≤ 5°C/min to prevent cracking of the ceramic layer.
