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In the opening reaction of diphenyl ether, if it is necessary to replace the traditional high-boiling-point solvents (such as the diphenyl ether itself), the following options can be considered:
1. **Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO)**: A highly polar non-polar solvent, suitable for ring-opening reactions involving strong bases (such as NaH/KOH).
2. **N-Methylpyrrolidone (NMP)**: Resistant to high temperatures (boiling point 202℃), compatible with metal catalysis or nucleophilic reagents.
3. **Sulfolane (Cyclosiloxane)**: High thermal stability (boiling point 285℃), suitable for high-temperature reactions.
4. **Ionic Liquids** (such as [BMIM][BF₄]): Can be designed as both reaction medium and catalyst, reducing by-products.
**Notes**:
- Avoid proton solvents (such as water/alcohol) from interfering with the reactivity of nucleophiles;
- For reactions requiring low temperature, THF/dioxane (in combination with a Lewis acid) can be used.
Choose the optimal solvent based on the reaction mechanism (nucleophilic/electrophilic ring-opening) and the type of reagents.
